Node Localization for Wireless Sensor Networks

Awareness of location is one of the important and critical issue and challenge in wireless sensor network. Knowledge of Location among the participating nodes is one of the crucial requirements in designing of solutions for various issues related to Wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks are being used in environmental applications to perform the number of task such as environment monitoring, disaster relief, target tracking, defences and many more. In many such tasks, node localization is inherently one of the system parameters. Node localization is required to report the origin of events, assist group querying of sensors, routing and to answer questions on the network coverage. So, one of the fundamental challenges in wireless sensor network is node localization. This paper provides an overview of different approach of node localization discovery in wireless sensor networks. The overview of the schemes proposed by different scholars for the improvement of localization in wireless sensor networks is also presented. Future research directions and challenges for improving node localization in wireless sensor networks are also discussed. Keywords—Localization technique, GPS, Anchor, Sensor node, Wireless Sensor Networks